EFECTOS DE ALGUNOS FACTORES METEOROLÓGICOS SOBRE LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE ESPORAS DE HONGOS EN LA PLAZA SAN MARTÍN DE LIMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21704/rea.v16i2.1018Palabras clave:
aeromicología, bioaerosol, esporas, alergia, variables climáticas.Resumen
Se realizó un estudio aeromicológico para determinar la influencia de algunos factores meteorológicos en la concentración de esporas fúngicas totales en la atmósfera de la Plaza San Martín de Lima. El muestreo se realizó utilizando el método volumétrico por impactación empleando un muestreador tipo Andersen con agar Sabouraud. Las concentraciones más altas de esporas se observaron en los meses de marzo y setiembre mientras que los niveles más bajos fueron detectados en los meses de julio y agosto. Los hongos predominantes que estuvieron presentes en todo el periodo de estudio fueron Cladosporium, Penicillium y Aspergillus, estos géneros abarcaron el 82% del total de esporas aisladas. La concentración de esporas totales mostró una correlación estadística significativa (p<0.05) positiva con la temperatura e índice UV; la humedad relativa presentó una correlación estadística significativa (p<0.05) negativa. La velocidad del viento presentó una correlación estadística positiva con un nivel de significancia de p<0.01. Las fluctuaciones de las condiciones meteorológicas muestran una marcada influencia en la distribución de las esporas.
Descargas
Referencias
Abdel Hameed A. A., Khoder M. I., Ibrahim Y. H., Saeed Y., Osman M. E. & Ghanem S. 2012. Study on some factors affecting survivability of airborne fungi. Science of the Total Environment, 414, 696–700.
Adams KF. 1964. Year to year variation in the fungus spore content of the atmosphere. Acta Allergol. 19:11-50.
Ainsworth G. C., Bisby G. R., Hawksworth D. L., Kirk P. M., Sutton B. C. and Pegler D. N. 1995. Dictionary of the Fungi. 8th ed. Wallingford: CAB International.
Almaguer M., Aira M-J., Rodríguez-Rajo F-J., & Rojas T-I. 2013. Study of airborne fungus spores by viable and nonviable methods in Havana, Cuba. Grana, 52(4), 289–298.
Almaguer M., Aira M. J., Rodríguez-Rajo F. J., Fernandez-Gonzalez M. & Rojas-Flores T. I. 2015. Thirty-four identifiable airborne fungal spores in Havana, Cuba. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 22(2), 215–220.
Andersen A. 1958. New sampler for the collection, sizing and enumeration of viable airborne particles. Journal of Bacteriology, 76(5), 471–484.
Barnett H. & Hunter B. 1998. Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. 4th ed. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Bayram O., Biesemann C., Krappmann S., Galland P. & Braus G.H. 2008. More than a repair enzyme: Aspergillus nidulans photolyase-like CryA is a regulator of sexual development. Mol. Biol. Cell. 19, 3254–3262.
Calderón C., Lacey J., McCartney A. & Rosas I. 1997. Influence of urban climate upon distribution of airborne Deuteromycete spore concentrations in Mexico City. Int J Biometeorol. 40, 71-80.
Carbajal-Arroyo L., Barraza-Villarreal A., Durand-Pardo R., Moreno-Masías H., Espinoza-Laín R., Chiarella-Ortigosa P. & Romieu I. 2007. Impact of traffic flow on the asthma prevalence among school children in Lima, Peru. Journal of Asthma; 44 (3): 197-202.
Dahlberg KR. & Etten J. 1982. Physiology and biochemistry of fungal sporulation. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 20(1):281– 301.
Ellis MB. 1971. Dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew.
Ellis MB. 1976. More dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew.
Fang Z., Ouyang Z., Hu L., Wang X., Zheng H. & Lin X. 2005. Culturable airborne fungi in outdoor environments in Beijing, China. Science of the Total Environment, 350(1–3), 47–58.
Fröhlich-Nowoisky J., Pickersgill D., Després V. R. & Pöschl U. 2009. High diversity of fungi in air particulate matter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(31), 12814–12819.
Green BJ., Tovey ER., Sercombe JK., Blachere FM., Beezhold DH. & Schmechel D. 2006. Airborne fungal fragments and allergenicity. Med Mycol. 44:245-55.
Grinn-Gofroń A. & Bosiacka B. 2015. Effects of meteorological factors on the composition of selected fungal spores in the air. Aerobiologia, 31(1), 63–72.
Guarín F. A., Alberto M., Abril Q., Alvarez A. & Fonnegra R. 2015. Atmospheric pollen and spore content in the urban area of the city of Medellin, Colombia. Hoehnea, 42(1), 9–19.
Hasnain SM. 1993. Influence of meteorological factors on the air spora. Grana. 32:184–188.
Ho H. M., Rao C. Y., Hsu H. H., Chiu Y. H., Liu C. M. & Chao H. J. 2005. Characteristics and determinants of ambient fungal spores in Hualien, Taiwan. Atmospheric Environment, 39(32), 5839–5850.
Horner W., Helbling A., Salvaggio J. & Lehrer S. 1995. Fungal allergens. Clinical Microbiol Rev. 2:161-179.
Jędryczka M. 2014. Aeromycology: studies of fungi in aeroplankton. Folia Biologica et Oecologica, 10(1), 18–26.
Kasprzyk I. 2008. Aeromycology – Main research fields of interest during the last 25 years. Ann Agric Environ Med. 15:1-7.
Kumar P., Mahor P., Goel A. K., Kamboj D. V. and Kumar O. 2011. Aero-microbiological study on distribution pattern of bacteria and fungi during weekdays at two different locations in urban atmosphere of Gwalior, Central India. Scientific Research and Essays, 6(25), 5435–5441.
Kumari S., Gond D. K., Samuel C. O. & Abassi P. 2011. A comparative study of aeromycospora in different localities of Gorakhpur, U. P. Indian J. Sci. Res., 2(4), 51–55.
Kurkela T. 1997. The number of Cladosporium conidia in the air in different weather conditions. Grana. 36:54–61.
Leach C. M. 1971. A practical guide to the effects of visible and ultraviolet light on fungi. pp. 609- 664. In Booth C. (ed.) Methods in Microbiology. Vol 4. Academic Press,New York, 795p.
Lin W. & Li C. 2000. Associations of fungal aerosols, air pollutants, and meteorological factors. Aerosol Sci Tech. 32:359–68.
Mallaiah K. & Rao AS. 1982. Aerial dissemination of uredinospores of groundnut rust. Trans Br Mycol Soc. 78:21–28.
McCartney A. 1994. Dispersal of spores and pollen from crops. Grana. 33:76-80.
Nevalainen A., Partanen P., Jääskeläinen E., Hyvärinen A., Koskinen O., Meklin T., Vahteristo M., Koivisto J. & Husman T. 1998. Prevalence of moisture problems in Finnish houses, Indoor Air, 4(Suppl.), 45–49.
Oliveira M., Ribeiro H., Delgado J. L., & Abreu I. 2009. Aeromycological profile of indoor and outdoor environments. Journal of Environmental Monitoring: JEM, 11(7), 1360–1367.
Pasanen A. L., Pasanen P., Jantunen M. J. & Kalliokoski P. 1991. Significance of air humidity and air velocity for fungal spore release into the air. Atmospheric Environment Part A, General Topics, 25(2), 459–462.
Quintero E., Rivera-Mariani F. & Bolaños-Rosero B. 2010. Analysis of environmental factors and their effects on fungal spores in the atmosphere of a tropical urban area (San Juan, Puerto Rico). Aerobiologia, 26(2), 113–124.
Reponen T., Willeke K., Ulevicius V., Reponen A. & Grinshpun S. A. 1996. Effect of relative humidity on the aerodynamic diameter and respiratory deposition of fungal spores. Atmospheric Environment, 30(23), 3967–3974.
Rodríguez-Romero J., Hedtke M., Kastner C., Müller S. & Fischer R. 2010. Fungi, hidden in soil or up in the air: Light makes a difference. Annu Rev Microbiol. 64:585- 610.
Sabariego S., Díaz de la Guardia C. & Alba F. 2000. The effect of meteorological factors on the daily variation of airborne fungal spores in Granada (southern Spain). International Journal of Biometeorology, 44(1), 1–5.
Sakiyan N., Inceoglu O. 2003. Atmospheric concentrations of ladosporium Link and Alternaria Nées spores in Ankara and the effects of meteorological factors. Turk J Bot. 27, 77–81.
Stępalska D. & Wołek J. 2005. Variation in fungal spore concentrations of selected taxa associated to weather conditions in Cracow, Poland, in 1997. Aerobiologia 21:43-52.
Tuite J. 1969. Plant pathological methods, fungi and bacteria. pp.141 - 175. Burgess Publ., Minneapolis, Minn., 239p. Zoberi MH. Take-off of mold spores in relation to wind speed and humidity. Ann Botany. 1961; 25: 53-64.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Cómo citar
