![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Análisis multivariado de la inuencia de la explosión de vapor sobre la cascarilla de arroz
576
Julio - Diciembre 2019
Tabla 3. Resultados de experimento explosión de vapor
Presión
(bar)
Tiempo
(min)
FS pH Humedad (%)
Densidad aparente
(kg/m
3
)
Lignina (%)
0 (a) 0 (a) 0 (a) - 7,80 ± 0,3 128,3 ± 2,9 18,0 ± 1,0
4 6 1,63 6,8 ± 0,0 23,0 ± 0,9 130,1 ± 3,1 15.9 ± 0.1
4 8 1,76 6,9 ± 0,1 23,9 ± 2,7 127,9 ± 1,3 15.6 ± 1.1
4 10 1,86 6,8 ± 0,3 22,7 ± 0,8 132,4 ± 3,0 16.9 ± 0.7
4 12 1,94 6,2 ± 0,0 31,9 ± 4,7 137,1 ± 6,6 17.4 ± 0.2
6 6 2,17 7,0 ± 0,2 20,6 ± 1,1 131,7 ± 3,2 14.9 ± 1.5
6 8 2,30 6,2 ± 0,0 22,6 ± 1,2 133,7 ± 2,8 14.3 ± 0.3
6 10 2,39 6,7 ± 0,1 23,7 ± 1,1 128,0 ± 2,8 17.1 ± 0.5
6 12 2,47 5,9 ± 0,0 21,9 ± 3,1 128,5 ± 1,7 15.0 ± 1.0
8 6 2,60 6,4 ± 0,0 24,3 ± 1,8 129,0 ± 2,3 14.6 ± 0.4
8 8 2,72 5,4 ± 0,7 24,3 ± 1,6 131,0 ± 2,6 13.7 ± 0.6
8 10 2,82 5,0 ± 0,0 18,1 ± 1,8 125,5 ± 2,0 14.9 ± 0.6
8 12 2,90 4,3 ± 0,7 17,8 ± 2,8 127,3 ± 4,4 13.5 ± 0.7
10 6 2,96 4,7 ± 0,1 19,4 ± 1,7 123,6 ± 1,6 14.2 ± 0.4
10 8 3,08 4,4 ± 0,0 19,2 ± 0,8 128,7 ± 7,6 13.4 ±0.8
10 10 3,18 4,4 ± 0,0 25,9 ± 2,5 131,4 ± 4,4 12.8 ± 0.6
10 12 3,26 4,2 ± 0,0 24,5 ± 1,2 137,3 ± 0,4 12.7 ± 1.2
Nota: Resultados ± Desviación Estándar para dos muestras por duplicado (para lignina por triplicado)
(a) Condiciones del control o blanco
Tabla 4. Valores propios o eigenvalores resultantes del ACP
PC PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7
Valor propio 3,471 1,795 1,015 0,405 0,203 0,106 0,003
Proporción 0,496 0,256 0,145 0,058 0,029 0,015 0,000
Acumulada 0,496 0,752 0,897 0,955 0,984 1,000 1,000
Tabla 5. Vectores propios resultantes del ACP
Variables PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7
Presión - 0,510 0,041 0,197 - 0,217 - 0,406 - 0,038 - 0,697
Tiempo - 0,073 0,316 - 0,872 0,245 - 0,120 - 0,173 - 0,172
FS - 0,518 0,100 - 0,004 - 0,128 - 0,453 - 0,136 0,694
pH lixiviado 0,462 - 0,178 0,185 0,421 - 0,632 - 0,379 - 0,039
Humedad 0,213 0,626 0,207 - 0,360 0,162 - 0,603 - 0,010
Densidad aparente 0,116 0,678 0,223 0,282 - 0,211 0,594 0,021
Lignina 0,442 - 0,076 - 0,271 - 0,700 - 0,382 0,299 0,019