METAANÁLISIS DEL IMPACTO DEL NIVEL DE PROTEÍNA CRUDA SOBRE RENDIMIENTO PRODUCTIVO DE POLLOS DE ENGORDE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21704/ac.v86i2.2300Palabras clave:
metaanálisis, pollo de engorde, proteína cruda, rendimiento productivoResumen
Las recomendaciones de estudios actuales indican que la reducción de proteína cruda favorece a la industria del pollo de engorde debido a la reducción en a contaminación y disminución del uso de ingredientes proteicos. El objetivo del metaanálisis fue evaluar el impacto del mayor nivel de proteína cruda (grupo tratamiento) comparado con menor nivel de proteína cruda (grupo control) en el rendimiento productivo de pollos de engorde. Se seleccionaron 45 estudios que incluyeron 95 ensayos y 22,236 pollos de engorde de estudios publicados en Scopus, Pubmed y Web of Science. Los datos extraídos incluyeron el número de pollos de engorde en los grupos control y tratamiento, así como las medidas de varianza de las respuestas (SD: desviación estándar y SEM: error estándar de la media). Las variables de respuesta para el rendimiento productivo fueron la ganancia de peso (GP), consumo de alimento (CA) y conversión alimenticia (CL). Se utilizó un modelo de efectos aleatorios para examinar las diferencias medias estandarizadas (SMD) con intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC 95%) entre grupo tratamiento y control. El mayor nivel de proteína cruda incrementó la ganancia de peso (SMD = 0.40, IC 95%: 0.20, 0.60). El mayor nivel de proteína impactó positivamente en la conversión alimenticia (SMD = -0.24, IC 95%: -0.38, -0.10). El consumo de alimento presentó un aumento con el grupo tratamiento (SMD = 0.31, IC 95%: 0.13, 0.48). En conclusión, el mayor nivel de proteína cruda tiene un efecto positivo en la ganancia de peso y conversión alimenticia, indicando la importancia de brindar dietas con niveles óptimos de proteína cruda según requerimiento nutricional y que la reducción del nivel de proteína cruda dietario afecta la eficiencia productiva.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Inca-Moreano J.S., Carlos Vílchez-Perales
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