OCEAN-ATMOSPHERIC MACRO-SCALE PATTERN ASSOCIATED WITH EXTREME DROUGHTS IN THE SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS OF PERU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21704/rea.v21i1.1875Keywords:
meteorological droughts, oceanic-atmospheric patterns, teleconnections, southern highlands of PeruAbstract
In this research, the macroscale ocean-atmospheric mechanisms associated with extreme meteorological droughts during the austral summer (january-march) in the southern highlands of Peru (SSP) were studied. For this, the standardized precipitation anomaly was calculated based on information from conventional weather stations of SENAMHI, atmospheric climate information from ERA5 and oceanic information of sea surface temperature from ERSST in the period 1980 - 2019. The extremely dry events in the SSP were identified in the summers of the years 1983, 1990 and 1992 with a deficit or more than 46% of the normal average, where the oceanic-atmospheric pattern is associated with an anomalous increase of SST in the central-eastern Pacific Ocean of up to +3 °C, favoring the intensification of westerly winds in the lower troposphere (850 hPa) and the establishment of a dipole of two anticyclonic circulations over the central equatorial Pacific at 200 hPa, while, over the medium levels (500 hPa) the presence of a ridge configured over the SSP was observed. In the same way, the modification of the structure of the Walker circulation generated a subsident branch over the Amazon basin and the tropical Atlantic Ocean, while the Hadley circulation presented a descendent structure between 20° S - 40° S, ten degrees further north of its climatic position.
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