Effects of nitrogen fertilization on the photosynthesis and biomass distribution in a potato crop
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21704/pja.v4i2.1571Keywords:
Dry weight accumulation, nitrogen supply, Solanum tuberosum, tuber yieldAbstract
Nitrogen fertilization has positive effects on growth and production of potato crop. The objective of this study was to assess the differences of the photosynthetic response and biomass partitioning patterns during the main phenophases of the potato cultivar Capiro under different nitrogen nutrition fertilization treatments in the tropical Andes of Mérida, Venezuela. Plots of 40 m2 (2,625 plants m-2) were established under a random block design with three replications by nitrogen fertilization treatment: 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg. N ha-1. Photosynthesis and biomass were measured in the different organs in the main phenological stages of the crop. The results indicate that photosynthesis tends to increase slightly with the nitrogen supply; although the differences were not always significant and, decreases during crop growth. Tubers yield it was markedly influenced by the nitrogen fertilization. The total biomass production, as well as biomass allocation in different organs showed differences between treatments, maintaining the following order: 300-N> 200-N> 100-N> 0-N. When analyzing the biomass accumulation curves, it is estimated that the application of 250 kg N ha-1 as mineral fertilizer is enough to reach optimal production yields.
Downloads
References
Alva, A.K., Hodges, T., Boydston, R.A. & Collins, H.P. (2002). Dry matter and nitrogen accumulations and partitioning in two potato cultivars. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 25(8), 1621–1630. https://doi.org/10.1081/PLN-120006047
Biemond, H. & Vos, J. (1992). Effects of nitrogen on the development and growth of the potato plant. 2. The partitioning of dry matter, nitrogen and nitrate. Annals of Botany, 70(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a088437
Crawley, M.J. (2013). The R Book, second ed. Wiley, London.
De Groot, C.C., Marcelis, L.F.M., Van Den Boogaard, R., Kaiser, W.M. & Lambers, H. (2003). Interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition in determining growth. Plant Soil, 248, 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022323215010
Devaux, A., Kromann, P. & Ortiz, O. (2014). Potatoes for sustainable global food security. Potato Research, 57, 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11540-014-9265-1
Evans, J.R. & Poorter, H. (2001). Photosynthetic acclimation of plants to growth irradiance: the relative importance of specific leaf area and nitrogen partitioning in maximizing carbon gain. Plant, Cell and Environment, 24 (8), 755–767. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00724.x
Forde, B.G. (2002). The role of long-distance signaling in plant responses to nitrate and other nutrients. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53(366), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.366.39
Fox, J., Weisberg, S., Adler, D., Bates, D., Baud-Bovy, G., Ellison, S., Firth, D., Friendly, M., Gorjanc, G., & Graves, S. (2017). “car” package: Companion to applied regression. RStudio package version 1.0.14. http://CRAN.R-project. org/package= car
Lambers, H. (1998). Epilogue: Research on the control of plant growth-where do we go next? In: H. Lambers, H. Poorter & M.M.I. Van Vuuren (Eds.), Inherent variation in plant growth: Physiological mechanisms and ecological consequences (pp. 139–157). Netherlands, Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
Lambers, H., Chapin, III., & Pons, T. (1998). Plant Physiological ecology. New York: Srpinger-Verlag. 540 p.
Machado, D. & Sarmiento, L. (2012). Respuesta del cultivo de papa a la combinación de diferentes fuentes de fertilización nitrogenada: evaluando la hipótesis de la sincronización. Bioagro, 24(2), 83–92.
Osone, Y. & Tateno, M. (2005). Applicability and limitations of optimal biomass allocation models: a test of two species from fertile and infertile habitats. Annals of Botany, 95(7), 1211–1220. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci133
Poorter, H. & Nagel, O. (2000). The role of biomass allocation in the growth response of plants to different levels of light, CO2, nutrients and water: a quantitative review. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 27(12), 1191–1191. https://doi.org/10.1071/PP99173_CO
Qiqige, S., Jia, L., Qin, Y., Chen, Y. & Fan, M. (2017). Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms on Potato Growth and Development. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 40 (11), 1651–1659. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2016.1269345
R Core Team (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/
Schurr, U., Walter, A. & Rascher, U. (2006). Functional dynamics of plant growth and photosynthesis from steady-state to dynamics-from homogeneity to heterogeneity. Plan Cell and Environment, 29 (3), 340–352. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01490.x
Silva, J.G., França, T.C., Gomide, F.T.F. & Magalhaes, J.R. (2013). Different Nitrogen Sources Affect Biomass Partitioning and Quality of Potato Production in a Hydroponic System. American Journal of Potato Research, 90, 179–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-012-9297-5
Van Delden, A. (2001). Yield and growth components of potato and wheat under organic nitrogen management. Agronomy Journal, 93 (6), 1370–1385. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.1370
Villa, P.M. & Sarmiento, L. (2009). Recomendación alternativa para la fertilización nitrogenada del cultivo de papa en los altos Andes venezolanos. INIA Hoy, 6, 191–199.
Villa, P.M., Sarmiento, L., Rada, F., Rodrigues, A.C., Márquez, N. & Espinosa, W. (2020). Partición de biomasa y nitrógeno en el cultivo de papa bajo tres tratamientos de fertilización nitrogenada. Siembra, 7(2), 057–068. https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v7i2.2235
Xu, J., Lv, Y., Liu, X., Wei Q., Qi Z., Yang, S. & Liao L. (2019). A general non-rectangular hyperbola equation for photosynthetic light response curve of rice at various leaf ages. Scientific Reports, 9, 9909. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46248-y