Effect of Pig manure rates on performance of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and Podagrica uniforma Jacq. Infestation in South Western Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21704/pja.v7i3.2099Keywords:
Insect population, Okra, pig manure, Podagrica, severity, variable ratesAbstract
Insect infestation and low soil fertility are the major constrictions in okra production and various tactics have been recommended for increased production. An experiment was conceived to explore the effects of different levels of pig manure on the performances and severity of damage caused by Podagrica uniforma Jacq. infestation on okra in South Western, Nigeria. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments (0 t.ha-1, 5 t.ha-1, 10 t.ha-1, 15 t.ha-1 and 20 t.ha-1) replicated thrice. Okra growth, fruit yield, insect population and severity of damaged leaves were assessed and exposed to the Analysis of Variance, and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5 % level of significance was used to separate significant treatment means. The study outcomes revealed that okra growth and yield parameters were directly proportional as the pig manure rates increase. A similar trend was equally recorded for P. uniforma population in okra plants enriched with variable rates of pig manure, okra supplied with 20 t.ha-1 of pig manure exhibited the highest growth, yield performance and P. uniforma population. While the severity of leaf damage caused by P. uniforma was in descending order, very low in okra enriched with varying levels of pig manure as compared to the damage recorded in control. The trial showed that okra growth and yield was significantly (p<0.05) enhanced by the application of 20 t.ha-1 pig manure with a resultant reduction in the severity of damaged leaves caused by P. uniforma infestation.
Downloads
References
Adesina, J. M., & Afolabi, L. A. (2014). Comparative bio-efficacy of aqueous extracts of Loncarpous cyanescens and Trema orientalis against Flea beetle (Podarica spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) infestation and yield of okra. International Journal of Horticulture, 4(2), 4–9. https://doi.org/10.5376/ijh.2014.04.0002
Adesina, J. M., & Enudeme, D. C. (2018). Insecticidal Efficacy of Some Plant Aqueous Extracts Mixtures against Post Flowering Insect Pest of Cowpea. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of Horticultural Society of Nigeria (HORTSON), Lafia Faculty of Agriculture Shabu-Lafia Campus, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. 127–131.
Adesina, J. M., & Sanni, K. O. (2013). Comparative Effects of different Organic Manure on Agronomic Performance of Corchorus olitorus in Rainforest Agro-ecological Zone of South Western Nigeria. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 3(1), 1–5.
Adesina, J. M., Ileke, K. D., & Adebayo, R. A. (2018). Podagrica uniforma and Nisota dilecta (Coleoptera: Chrysomalidae) Infestation on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Response to Nutrient Sources. Journal of Crop Nutrition Science, 4(2), 45–55.
Adilakshmi, A., Korat, D. M., & Vaishnau, P. R. (2007). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on insect pests infesting okra. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science, 21(2), 287–289.
Adesina, S., Iwalewa, E., Johnny, I (2016). Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub- Ethnopharmacology, Chemistry, Medicinal and Nutritional Values- A Review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 12(3), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2016/26554
Akingbohungbe, A. E. (2007). Revitalizing Nigerian agriculture in the 21st century: Some critical but neglected issues. Third Annual Lecture, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology. The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Akinrinde, E. A., & Obigbesan, G. O. (2000). Evaluation of the fertility status of selected soils for crop production in five ecological areas of Nigeria. Proceeding 26th Annual Conference of Soil Science Society of Nigeria. Ibadan. Nigeria. 279–288.
Akinyele, B. O., & Osekita, O. S. (2006). Correlation and path coefficient analyses of seed yield attributes in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench). African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(14), 1330–1336.
Anjorin, S. T., Jolaoso, M. A., & Golu, M. T. A. (2013). A Survey of incidence and severity of pests and diseases of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and egg plant (Solanum melongena L.) in Abuja, Nigeria. American Journal of Research Communication, 1(11), 333–349.
Atijegbe, S. R., Nuga, B. O., Lale, N. E. S., & Osayi, R. N. (2014). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) production and incidence of insect pests in the humid tropics. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 7(4), 25–30.
Banjo, A. D., & Oduala, A. O. (1996). Insecticidal activities of some local botanicals on Podagrixena decolorata, an insect pest of okra. Proceedings of 14th Horticultural Society of Nigeria. Ago – Iwoye, 1st – 4th, April, 238–241.
Bray, R. H., & Kurtz, L. T. (1945). Determination of total, organic and available form of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 59(1), 39–45.
Bremner, N. M., & Mulranag, G. S. (1982). Nitrogen total. In A. L. Page, R. H. Miller & D. R. Keeney (Eds.), Methods of soil analysis. American Society of Agronomy, 9, 595–624.
Carter, M. R., & Gregorich, E. G. (2008). Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. 2nd Edition, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton.
Dauda, S. N., Aliju, L., & Chiezey, U. F. (2005). Effect of variety, seedling, age and poultry manure on growth and yield of garden egg (Solanum gilo L.). Nigerian Academic Forum 9(1), 88–95.
Egwuatu, R. I. (1982). Field trials with systemic and contact insecticide for the control of Podagrica uniforma and P. sjostedti (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on okra. Tropical Pest Management, 28(2), 115–121.
Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (2023, March 24). Food and Agricultural Organization Statistics. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL
Frank, G. V. (2000). The plants needs for and use of Nitrogen in soils. W. C. Bartaacovew, & E. C., Francis. America Society of Agronomy, M.C USA. 508 –509.
Gogi, M. D., Arif, M. J, Asif, M., Abdin, Z., Bashir, H. M., Arshad. M., Khan, M. A., Qaisar, A., Shahid, M. R., & Ali, A. (2012). Impact of nutrient management schedules on the infestation of Bemisia tabaci on and yield of non BT- cotton Gossypium hirsutum under unsprayed conditions. Pakistan Entomologist, 34(1), 87–92.
Huber, D. M., & Graham, R. D. (1999). The Role of nutrition in crop resistance and tolerance to disease. In: Z. Rengel (Ed.), Mineral Nutrition of Crops Fundamental Mechanism and Implication (pp. 169–226). Food Product Press. New York. USA.
Huber, D. M., & Thompson, I. M. (2007). Nitrogen and plant disease. In: L. E. Datnoff, W. H. Elmer & D. M. Huber (Eds.), Mineral Nutrition and Plant Disease. APS Press, USA.
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture [IITA]. (1989). Laboratory manual for soil and plant analysis. Manual series 7. IITA. Ibadan. Nigeria.
Luna, J. (1988). Influence of soil fertility practices on agricultural pests. In: P. Allen & Van Dusen (Eds.), Global perspectives in agroecology and sustainable agricultural systems. Proceedings of 60th International Soil and Organic Agricultural Movement. The University of California. Santa Cruz. (pp. 589–600).
Magdoff, F., & Van Es, H. (2000). Building soils for better crops. Handbook. Series No. 4. Beltsville. p. 230.
McGuinness, H. (1987). The importance of plant diversity and the nutritional content of the diet on the population dynamics of herbivorous insects [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan.
Mclean, E. O. (1982). Soil pH and lime requirement, In: A. L. Page (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. (pp. 199 – 224). Part 2. Agronomy, 9 (2nd ed.) ASA, SSSA, Madison, Wisc.
Meenatchi, R., Girardi, R. S., Patil, V. S., Vastrad, A. S., & Biradar, D. P. (2011). Effect of vermitechnologies on jasmine insect pests. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science, 24(3), 312–315.
Nelson, D. W., & Sommers, L. E. (1982). Total Carbon, Organic Carbon and Organic Matter. In A. L. Page, R. H. Miller & D. R. Keeney (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. (pp. 539–579). Agronomy 9. Madison W. I.
Olotuah, O. F. (2003). Evaluation of cashew nut shell liquid for the control of Podagrica beetles infesting okra, Abelmoschus esculentus L. Applied Tropical Agriculture, 8, 94–97.
Panda, N., & Khush, G. S. (1995). Host plant resistance to insects. CAB International, Wallingford.
Praveen, P. M., & Dhandapani, N. (2001). Eco-friendly management of major pests of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench). Journal of Vegetable Crop Production, 7(2), 3–11.
Rao, S., & Rajendra, R. (2003). Joint action potential of neem with other plant extracts against the leafhopper Amrasca devastans Distant on okra. Pest Management and Economic Zoology, 10(2), 131–136.
Sanchez, P. A. (2002). Soil fertility and hunger in Africa. Science, 295(5562), 2019 - 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1065256.
Sanni, K. O., Ewulo, B. S., & Adesina, J. M. (2016) Effects of phosphorus and organic fertilizers on the growth of lettuce (Lectuca sativa) and soil nutrient content in southwestern Nigeria. Research Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 3(2), 1–10.
Sanni, K. O., & Adesina, J. M., (2012). Agronomic Performances of Corchorus Olitorus (“Ewedu”) as Influenced by Poultry Manure and NPK 15-15-15 Fertilizer in Ikorodu Agro-Ecological Zone of Nigeria. World Rural Observation, 4(1), 65–67.
Saumya, G., Girardi, R. S., & Patil, R. H. (2007). Utility of vermiwash for the management of thrips and mites on chilli (Capiscum annum) amended with soil organics. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science, 20(3), 657–660.
Thomas, G. W. (1996). Soil pH and Soil Acidity. In D. L. Sparks, A. L. Page, P. A. Helmke, R. H. Loeppert, P. N. Soltanpour, M. A. Tabatabai, C. T. Johnston and M. E. Sumner (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis (pp. 475–490). https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.3.c16
Tswanya, M. N., Isah, K. M., Ahmed, M., Yisa, P. Z., & Lie, S. N. (2017). Effect of Poultry Droppings on the Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). International Journal Agriculture Environment and Biotechnology, 2(3), 1247–1251.
Varmudy, V. (2011, February). Needs to boost okra exports. Fact for You. Department of Economics, Vivekanada College, Puttur, Karnataka, India. (pp. 21–23). https://vcputtur.ac.in/en/wp-content/Downloads/Project-Reports/Okra-Feb11.pdf
Youdeowei, A. (2002). Integrated pest management practices for the production of vegetables. Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MOFA), Plant Protection and Regulatory Services Directorate; Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jacobs Mobolade Adesina, Sunday Nathaniel Obasi, Oladayo Oluwakemi Idowu-Agida, Gboyega Ajayi Bepo, Mary Abosede Ayenigbara, Ayodeji Stephen Bolarinwa, Tomiwa Ayobami Johnson, Ruth Omotola Onasanya, Olalekan Ajibolade Ogunoye, Mayo Seth Ayodeji, Sodiq Ola Obabire
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
